Perched on the northeastern tip of Chappaquiddick Island, part of Massachusetts’ Martha’s Vineyard, Cape Poge Lighthouse has been a steadfast aid for mariners navigating the treacherous shoals and shallows of Muskeget Channel into Edgartown Harbor since the early 19th century. Its presence not only signifies maritime safety but also reflects the island’s rich nautical heritage.
History of Cape Poge Lighthouse
The original Cape Poge Lighthouse, a 35-foot octagonal wooden tower, was constructed in 1801 for $2,000. Its initial purpose was to aid the flourishing whaling industry by guiding ships safely through the hazardous waters surrounding the island.
However, due to relentless coastal erosion, the lighthouse faced multiple relocations and reconstructions:
- 1825 & 1838: The original structure was moved inland to prevent it from succumbing to the eroding shoreline.
- 1844: A new tower was erected, equipped with a fourth-order Fresnel lens by 1857 to enhance its luminosity.
- 1880: Continued erosion necessitated another reconstruction further inland.
- 1893: The current wooden, conical tower was built 40 feet inland from its predecessor. This structure has since been relocated multiple times—in 1907, 1922, 1960, and notably in 1987, when it became the first lighthouse moved by helicopter.
The lighthouse was automated in 1943, leading to the demolition of the keeper’s house in 1954. Despite these changes, Cape Poge Lighthouse remains an active navigational aid, its light flashing every six seconds, visible up to nine nautical miles away.
Cape Poge Lighthouse Architecture and Design
The existing lighthouse is a 35-foot white wooden shingled tower with a black lantern room. Its simple yet functional design embodies the quintessential New England lighthouse aesthetic. Originally fitted with a fourth-order Fresnel lens, it now operates with a solar-powered 300mm lens, maintaining its role in maritime navigation.
Location and Surroundings
Cape Poge Lighthouse is situated within the Cape Poge Wildlife Refuge on Chappaquiddick Island, a secluded area characterized by:
- Barrier Beaches: Seven miles of pristine sandy shoreline formed by centuries of offshore currents.
- Salt Marshes: Tidal waters supporting extensive ecosystems around Poucha Pond.
- The Cedars: A unique grove of century-old eastern red cedars sculpted by salt spray and wind.
- Wildlife Habitats: Nesting grounds for piping plovers, least terns, and American oystercatchers, as well as nurseries for finfish and shellfish in the calm waters of Cape Poge Bay.
This serene environment offers visitors a glimpse into the island’s natural beauty and ecological significance.
Visiting Cape Poge Lighthouse
Visiting Cape Poge Lighthouse provides a unique opportunity to experience both historical and natural wonders.
Getting There
Access to the lighthouse requires some planning:
- By Vehicle: From Edgartown, take the Chappaquiddick Ferry to Chappaquiddick Island. Proceed on Chappaquiddick Road for 2.5 miles, continue straight onto Dike Road (a dirt road) for 0.5 miles to the entrance and gatehouse over Dike Bridge. A four-wheel-drive vehicle with an oversand permit is necessary to navigate the sandy trails leading to the lighthouse.
- By Foot: For the more adventurous, a 3.5-mile hike from the Dike Bridge through soft sand offers a rewarding journey to the lighthouse.
Visiting Hours
The Cape Poge Wildlife Refuge is open to the public. Guided tours of the lighthouse are typically available during the summer months. It’s advisable to book tours in advance.
Admission
While there may be fees associated with vehicle permits or guided tours, pedestrian access to the refuge is generally free. Donations to support conservation efforts are appreciated.
Guided Tours
The Trustees of Reservations offer guided over-sand vehicle tours led by expert naturalists. These tours provide insights into the lighthouse’s history, the island’s ecology, and access to the lighthouse tower, where visitors can enjoy panoramic views.
Visitor Guidelines
To ensure a safe and enjoyable visit:
- Respect Signage: Follow all posted signs and barriers to protect the delicate ecosystems.
- Stay on Designated Paths: This helps prevent dune erosion and protects wildlife habitats.
- Be Mindful of Tides: Coastal conditions can change rapidly; always be aware of tidal schedules.
- Follow Local Regulations: Adhere to rules set by the Trustees of Reservations and local authorities to preserve the area’s natural beauty.
Plan Your Visit
A trip to Cape Poge Lighthouse is more than just a visit to a historic structure; it’s an immersive experience into the natural splendor of Martha’s Vineyard. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, nature lover, or seeking a peaceful retreat, the lighthouse and its surroundings offer a unique and enriching adventure.